Abstract:The protective effect of 20% ethanol-treated oocysts of Eimeria species against coccidiosis in layer chickens was investigated in the present study. Local eimerian oocysts were treated with 20% ethanol during and after sporulation for 48 h. A total of 180 male layer chicks were randomly divided into five groups: group 1 (G1, a negative control group without treatment or infection); group 2 (G2, a positive control group) received untreated sporulated oocysts at 21 days old; group 3 (G3) was inoculated orally with 1x104 non -treated sporulated oocysts at 4 days old; group 4 (G4) and group 5 (G5) were administered 20% ethanol-treated unsporulated oocysts (sporulate during treatment) (1x104) or 20% ethanol- treated-sporulated oocysts (1x104). All groups except G1 were challenged at day 21 of age with 7.5×104 untreated sporulated oocysts as a single dose. At day 7 post-immunization, chicks in G4 and G5 showed less severity of bloody diarrhea in a significant manner and a decreased number of oocysts were shed, which were not able to sporulate. Post-challenge results showed that G4 and G5 birds with mild bloody diarrhea and cecal lesions, with a lower number of oocysts, and better body weight gain than in G2 birds. Moreover, birds which were inoculated with ethanol-treated oocysts had higher levels of cytokines post-challenge than controls (G2 and G3). In conclusion, the treatment of oocysts with 20% ethanol provided a certain level of protection against Eimeria infection.
Abstract:OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare the expression of miRNA 210-5p, miR-195-5p, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and soluble Flt-1 (sFlt-1) in the preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. To check the correlation of miRNA-210-5p and miR-195-5p with mRNA expression of VEGF and its receptors in preeclampsia. METHODS: This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the department of cell biology and physiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore from November 2017 till December 2018. Diagnosed cases of preeclampsia with age matched normotensive women were the study participants. All the participants were in third trimester of pregnancy. Blood samples were collected and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the expression of miRNA 210-5p, miR-195-5p, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF), Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and soluble Flt-1 (sFlt-1). Threshold cycle values were recorded and used to calculate fold change using 2-??ct method. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The expression level of miRNA 210-5p and miR-195-5p was increased in the preeclamptic group by a 2.97 and 1.57 fold respectively. Upregulated miR-210-5p and 195-5p showed an inverse correlation with VEGF, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR2 and a strong positive correlation with sFlt-1 (p value<0.001). CONCLUSION: The study concludes that upregulated miRNA-195-5p and miR-210-5p along with differentially expressed angiogenic VEGF and its receptors might play an important role in deregulation of angiogenesis involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Abstract:Geothermal energy sources are widely used for heating as well as for cooling applications. Low energy houses are prefered for this kind of energy source because of its benefits. In this work it has been investigated a groud source heat pump (GSHP) that is connected to ventilo-convector units (VCUs) for active heating. For cooling it has been investigated passive cooling that presents a low energy consumption close to zero, only the pumping energy is necessary. The initial building has no insulation and gas boiler with low efficiency for DHW and heating purposses. For all the simulations Designbuilder software has been used, that presents detailed energy consumption for all types of consumers from the studied building: heating, cooling, lighting, and domestic hot water production. The type and caracteristics of soil is introduced from other measured boreholes, from Bucharest, with Thermal Response Test (TRT) method.
Abstract:In the present study, a pin fin with constant base and tip temperatures is analyzed and optimized using a two-dimensional analytical method. The study verifies that the heat loss from the fin surface is equal to the sum of the heat transfers through the left (fin base) and right (fin tip) bases. The heat loss from the fin, the heat transfer through the left base, and the heat transfer through the right base are presented as a function of the fin length, the right base temperature, the fin radius, and the convection characteristic number. For fixed fin volumes, the maximum heat loss, corresponding fin length, and fin radius are shown as a function of the fin volume and the convection characteristic number. One of results shows that the heat loss from the fin, the heat transfer through the left base, and the heat transfer through the right base all vary linearly with the variation of the right base temperature.
Abstract:Abstract\nBackground & Objective: Emotional Intelligence promotes organizational creativity, improves the ability to communicate with yourself and others, and ultimately enhances job performance. This paper is intended to evaluate the EI level among personnel based on the hospitals’ type of ownership. Materials & Methods: A descriptive, analytical study was performed within a cross-sectional setting in 2019 on 2850 personnel of five selected hospitals in Mazandaran province (Iran) with different ownerships. Standard Shearing\'s EI 33-item questionnaire was used. Six hundred questionnaires were distributed among participants. Data were analyzed in SPSS 22 using One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with post-hoc Tukey’s HSD test (P < 0.05). \nResults: Five hundred sixty-nine questionnaires were completed with a mean response rate of 94.8%. Mean EI scores among personnel of therapeutic, private, educational, and social security hospitals were 110.74 ± 14.72, 119.09 ± 16.40, 112.06 ± 11.49 and 117.40 ± 13.90, respectively, indicating a significant relationship among hospitals (P=0.001). The highest mean EI scores were observed among personnel of social security hospital in terms of self-motivation (24.3 ± 92.67), consciousness (30.4 ± 51.53), social consciousness (21.3 ± 04.26), social skills (17.3 ± 44.02), and self-mastery (23.3 ± 49.56). Conclusion: The EI level among social security hospital personnel was higher than that of educational and therapeutic centers, and therapeutic and private hospitals.\nKeywords: Hospitals, Emotional Intelligence, Ownership
Abstract:Numerical modeling is a time saving and cost-effective alternate of experimental evaluation of structural members. On the other hand, green concrete being of the day is active area of research. Therefore, this research paper presents the numerical modeling of RC green concrete beams under sustained loading. The green concrete was produced using 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregates with demolished old concrete. Multi-variable regression analysis was adopted to predict the numerical equations for long-term deflection and strain from the experimental data of the parameters due to 6-, 9- and 12-month long term loading. Three software NCSS, MATLAB and Microsoft EXCEL were used for the purpose. To check and validate the developed equations six beams were cast using 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregates. Fifty percent of the beams were tested for each 2- and 3-month sustained loading. The obtained results were compared with the results from numerical equations. It is observed that the numerical results are in good agreement with experimental observations with maximum of 10.34% error. Therefore, the numerical equations for deflection and strain presented in this article can be used to estimate the parameters of RC green concrete beams due to long-term sustained loading.
Abstract:This paper is about the use of clay and how the strength reduction can be minimized as the addition of clay decreases the compressive strength in cement composite. The Compressive strength is an important parameter for civil engineering construction and cannot be ignored thus different technique are used to minimize the strength reduction in cement composite with the aim that maximum clay (25 %) can be used as pozzolana .Three different materials, Lime (4.5%), bagasse ash (7.5 %) and Multi wall carbon Nano tubes (MWCNT) (0.0150%) are used along with clay content (21.5 %, 18.5 % & 24.98%) respectively in cement composite (mortar). The entire ternary blends are assessed for dry density, water absorption, Workability and Compressive strength. The results of all evaluated parameters confirmed that clay has all the potential to be used as replacement material for cement in construction projects.
Abstract:An incisional hernia is one of the most common complications of abdominal surgery. The incidence of an incisional hernia is about and the recurrence rates are reported as %-40. Meshes are commonly used to minimize the recurrence of hernia repair of all kind. Polypropylene mesh is cheaper than composite mesh and this is the reason of why it is the mostly preferred type of mesh. The type of mesh does not alter the type of complications and complications may occur even if years passed. Here we describe two cases of enterocutaneous fistula due to late migration of a composite dual mesh, 7 years and 4 years after incisional hernia repair, respectively.
Abstract:Assessment of Naturally occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) and heavy metals (Al, Cr, As, Hg, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) from drilling cuttings of six different layers in the subsurface of an oil well in the Niger-Delta. The assessment was carried out to estimate the radionuclides and heavy metals in the drilling cutting and also to evaluate the radiological risk posed by the radionuclides and the health risk posed by the heavy metals to the personnel and the general public. The radionuclide activities and heavy metals concentration of the samples was analyzed. The health hazard potential of human exposures to the metals, were estimated in terms of intensity and time using the USEPA recommended model. The average concentrations of the heavy metals present in the samples obtained from the formation zone, varied significantly and decreased in the order of Al > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cu > Cd > As > Hg. The mean activity concentration for the different radionuclides 238U, 232TH and 40K were 3.9,17.5 and 221.2 Bqkg-1 respectively. Comparison of this study with a previous study was done for different formation and it was observed that for sandstone, 238U was greater than the previous study while 232TH and 40K were less. The observation was the same with a shale formation but for a sandstone shale formation, the past study for 238U, 232TH and 40K was less than previous study. The radionuclides activities decreased over the layers in this order: Layer 2 > Layer 1 > Layer 4 > Layer 5 > Layer 3 > Layer 6 while the heavy metal concentration decreased in this order: Layer 5 > Layer 4 > Layer 3 > Layer 2 > Layer 1 > Layer 6. The risk assessment for the Annual Effective Dose Rate was greater than the allowable limit; while the exposure factor for heavy metal was within the allowable limit.
Abstract:Horticultural grafting is important in propagating conifers mainly because many species are hard to root, especially when using cuttings from mature trees. Incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florins) was introduced in Albania in the last few years as an ornamental tree in public and private urban green spaces and is much in demand. Intergeneric grafts are rarely used in conifers. Few information there are regarding incense cedar grafting on other genus rootstock. Therefore, this work was carried out to evaluate the effect of an intergeneric grafting on quality of ornamental incense cedar, which is little known in Albania. Scion preparation was made by taking the grown tops with a length of 8-10 cm from young C. decurrens ‘Aureovariegata’ plants. \nRootstock preparation was made from one-year-old mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) seedlings. First results showed that the height trend of grafted plant has grown slowly from 30 to 90 DAG (days after grafting), with a low increase of 4, 9 %; this can be explained because the plant grafted takes several days to match the scion and rootstock. \nRegarding Relative Growth Rate, it is observed a tendency that RGR scion is higher than RGR rootstock, which even gets negative values at 60 DAG; this tendency continues to be emphasized even more with the days after 90 DAG.\n At the end of our experimental work, we obtained 410 plants available to be planted in different soils of Albania with 82% successfully grafted.