Lavandula stoechas, known as \"Halhal\" vascular is a medicinal plant of the lamiaceae family, widely used in traditional medicine worldwide as an antispasmodic in colic pain, expectorant, stimulant for various diseases of the central nervous system. \nIn the context of the valorization of this plant, two extracts with two preparation methods (maceration and soxhlet) were prepared from the different parts of this plant: one ethanolic and the other dichloromethane. The quantitative estimation of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins by the colorimetric method showed that the extracts are rich in these compounds. The evaluation of antioxidant capacity carried out by the DPPH free radical trapping method indicated that the ethanolic extract has significant antioxidant activity in the stem part, with the effective concentration to inhibit the 50% DPPH (EC50) is 0.096 mg/ml, higher than that recorded by ascorbic acid (EC50 = 1.04 µg/ml).\nThe analysis of the ethanolic extract of Lavandula stoechas by GC identified several common compounds between the four parts, with different percentages and retention times, most of which are antioxidants, bicyclic monoterpene derivatives, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, alkanes, sterols and triterpenoids. \nL-camphor (42.68%), palmitic acid (17.29%), linoleic acid (15.98%) and oleic acid (14.01%) were the main components.\nThe determination of the Lethal dose 50 (LD50) of ethanol extracts showed that the fruit is the most toxic with a value of 3548.1 mg/kg which is significant compared to the other parts.
In this paper, we show that the Fan-Gottesman compacti cation\nof a T3;5-space is the sets of closed points of an inverse limit of nite T3;5-spaces\nand continuous maps.
Prevention of Pressure Ulcers (PU) represents a maker of quality care and a major Nurse-sensitive outcome. Despite this fact, prevention of PU among susceptible patients still remains a herculean task for many nurses working in resource-constraint settings. This study assessed the knowledge and practices of nurses on prevention of PU in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It also assessed the adequacy of the resources available in preventing PU as well as determined factors that predicted the practice of PU in the hospital. \nThe study adopted a cross-sectional design to study 136 nurses in OAUTHC. Data was collected with the aid of a self-administered questionnaire and a “pressure ulcer resources” observational checklist. Data were analysed using frequencies and percentages and chi-square. \nThe results showed that 38% of nurses had good knowledge of prevention of PU. and majority of the respondents (68%) exhibited fair practice of pressure ulcer prevention. In addition, there was an inadequacy of resources for preventing PU in all the wards such as mattresses and written policy on prevention of pressure ulcer while 80% of the wards also had inadequate staff-patient ratios. Similarly, none of the wards displayed a patient’s turning schedule. Furthermore, gender (χ2= 15.546, p<0.001) was significantly associated with knowledge while Unit/Ward (χ2=14.98, p=0.005) was significantly associated with practice of prevention pressure ulcer. Likewise, factors that predicted the practice of PU are Knowledge (β =1.799, p =0.027) and Ward/Unit (β = -1.475, p = 0.009). \nThe study concluded that knowledge and practice of nurses regarding PU prevention were moderate however, inadequacy of human and material resources hinders effective PU prevention among hospitalised patients in Nigeria.
The numerical solutions for the oblique stagnation-point flow of Cu-Al_2 O_3/water hybrid nanofluid past a stretching/shrinking surface are computed and analyzed. Dual solutions are obtained, and stability analysis is done to determine the stable solution that is meaningful and applicable in practice. The result shows that the first solution is stable. Besides that, the velocity and temperature profiles for the stretching sheet case show different behavior than the shrinking sheet case. Also, the Cu-Al_2 O_3/water hybrid nanofluid is found to have lower skin friction but higher heat flux than the Cu/water nanofluid. The oblique flow skin friction of the hybrid nanofluid decreases as the free parameter increases.
Chrome shavings, a bioactive material, are generated from tannery as waste material. These chrome shaving can be used for the preparation of many value-added products. One such attempt is made to use these chrome shaving wastes as a composite biobattery to produce DC voltage, an alternate green energy source and cleaner technology. Chrome shavings are hydrolyzed to make collagen paste and mixed with the ferrous nanoparticles of Moringa oleifera leaves and Carbon nanoparticles of Onion peels to form electrolyte paste as base. Then, the electrolyte base was added to the aluminum paste and conducting gel, and mixed well to form composite material for biobattery. The composite material of biobattery has been characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Series and parallel circuit testing were done using Copper and Zinc electrodes or Carbon and Zinc electrodes as the battery terminals in the electrolyte paste. The surface area of these electrodes needs standardisation from bench to pilot scale. The power generated, for an AA battery size, using a single bio-battery cell has produced a DC voltage of 1.5 V; current of 900 mA. Circuit testing on 1 ml of 80 well-cells connected in series has produced DC output of 18 V and 1100 mA whereas 48 V and 1500 mA were obtained from a series-parallel connection. The results instigate promising trends for commercial exploitation of this composite for biobattery production
Trademark is mark, name, sign, smell or a sound distinguishes goods and services of one undertaking from goods and services of other undertakings. It is required to be distinctive and non-descriptive. It losses its distinctiveness when registered owner of trademark does not take prompt action against its infringement. Provisional Measures of trademark enforcement is a measure initiated by the owner of trademark during civil or administrative procedure of trademark enforcement to prevent further counterfeiting of his trademark and to protect evidence he relies upon during civil or administrative procedure of trademark enforcement. Provisional Measures of trademark enforcement in member states of World Trade Organization (WTO) must be expedient, adequate, fair, equitable, and must not be complicated, costly and time consuming. Provisional measures of trademark enforcement is a civil procedure where owner of trademark may ask the Court to prevent counterfeiter from trademark counterfeiting. This study is qualitative method of research a comparative analysis of provisional measures of trademark enforcement in Pakistan, Malaysia and USA. After a comparative analysis of provisional measures of trademark enforcement in Pakistan, Malaysia and USA, it is found that Lanham Trademark Act 1946 is comprehensive trademark law of United States of America (USA) prescribed grounds to grant and refuse to grant injunctions to prevent trademark counterfeiting. It is also found that there is a requirement in Lanham Trademark Act 1946 for a person against whom injunctive relief is passed to submit report in writing about manner and method of compliance with injunction order. These findings are required to be prescribed in trademark law of Pakistan for betterment of provisional measures of trademark enforcement.
: This paper tries to cover some basic issues related to second language acquisition and examines the process of learning and using a second language. The affective factors that underlie language learning and use will be introduced and relevant research findings will be presented. It also aims at understanding of the principles and processes that govern second language learning and use and how should that serve as the background for reflective teaching practice.