Introduction: To assess the impact of delayed surgery on the prognosis of patients with operable stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A retrospective review of 140 patients with clinical operable stage NSCLC (I, II, IIIA) who underwent curative surgery was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent surgery within 3 months of initial lung tumor detection (non-delayed group, n=82) and those with surgery beyond 3 months (delayed group, n=58). Patient characteristics, reasons for surgical delay, pathology, surgical outcomes, and long-term survival were analyzed. Results: The median time from lung tumor detection to surgery was 13.7 months (range, 3.1 months-12.1 years) in delayed group, and 0.9 months (range, 3 days-2.8 months) in non-delayed group (P＜0.001). The delayed group had a higher proportion of patients at clinical stages I and II, and a lower proportion at clinical stage IIIA as compared with non-delayed group (P=0.046). The incidence of lymphovascular invasion was significantly lower in delayed group (P=0.031). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of pathological upstaging, positive surgical margins, surgical morbidity and mortality, adjuvant treatment, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Conclusions: The prognosis for patients with delayed diagnosis or surgery for NSCLC may not necessarily be worse than for those who receive timely surgery. For these patients, in spite of previous delay, surgical resection remains an important treatment option if lung cancer is assessed as an operable stage disease preoperatively.

This study aims to assess the impact of plyometric training on increasing leg muscle strength and explosive power. The research method applied is quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test design. The research subjects were divided into three groups, consisting of 11 students each. The first group (K1) received a combination of squat jump and skater hops exercise, K2 received a combination of a jump for height and ins and outs exercise, while K3 received conventional training. All subjects were then instructed to perform a six-week respected training program consisting of three sessions a week, making it a total of 18 sessions. The intensity was set at 60% RM and gradually increased to 80% RM. Pre-test and post-test on strength and power were obtained using Leg Dynamometer and Jump MD. Data were presented descriptively and bivariate analysis was done using SPSS 23 for Windows. Paired sample t-test showed that each group had a significant increase (p < 0.05) after six weeks of treatment, with the highest improvement in strength and power observed in K1 ( strength = 11.57%,  power = 7.57%). Meanwhile, K3 had the smallest but significant increase in both strength and power. Based on the aforementioned explanation, it can be concluded that subjects assigned to PT had a greater increase compared to those in the control group. It indicated that PT induces adaptations in neural and musculoskeletal systems, which lead to producing greater muscle force, resulting in higher gain in measured variables.

The objective of the research is to analyse and explain the impact of the climate phenomenon "El Nino" on the financial profitability of Peruvian fishing and agro-industrial companies, as well as the mitigation of climate risks through the adoption of financial options. The research, which is quantitative and explanatory in nature, is based on the identification of factors affecting the profitability of these companies between 2010 and 2022. The results show the negative impact of "El Nino" on the profitability of the companies, highlighting the need to mitigate these effects through financial options, ensuring business sustainability and the food security of the Peruvian population. In conclusion, the climate phenomenon "El Nino" has a significant negative impact on the financial profitability of Peruvian fishing and agro-industrial companies. This phenomenon emphasizes the urgency of adopting mitigation strategies, such as financial options, so that companies can adapt to climate risks. Implementing these measures not only favours business sustainability but also ensures continuity in production and contributes to food security, strengthening the sector's resilience against extreme climate events.

Circulating microRNAs (miRs) have attracted a great deal of attention as promising novel markers for various diseases. We investigated their potential to serve as detection markers in early-stage II breast cancer patients and in non-cancerous high-risk individuals as well. Plasma samples were collected from newly diagnosed early stage II familial (n=15) and non-familial (n=30) breast cancer patients, familial high-risk subjects (n=15) as well as healthy controls (n=20) for the detection of candidate miRs’ expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and BRCA1 and 2 mutations using multiplex PCR. Plasma miR-10b and miR-21 levels were significantly up-regulated, whereas miR-155 and let-7c levels were significantly down-regulated in breast cancer patients, compared to healthy controls. Similarly, plasma miR-10b and miR-21 levels were significantly up-regulated, whereas miR-155 level was significantly down-regulated in high-risk subjects, compared to healthy controls. The highest diagnostic accuracy was recorded for miR-21 and miR-10b (96.9 and 92.3%, respectively) to distinguish breast cancer patients from healthy controls. Mutations in exon 2 and 20 in BRCA 1 and exon 9 in BRCA2 genes were detected in breast cancer patients, as well as high-risk individuals. Both miR-10b and miR-21 are considered valuable non-invasive diagnostic molecular biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer, and to further predict which individuals at high-risk require extreme follow up. Also, high-risk individuals harbor classical mutations in BRCA1 and 2 genes, considering a high priority for these individuals to have had strict follow up.

The objective of this study was to assess the applicability of explatatory factor analysis method-EFA in environmental studies and validate the results using confirmatory factor analysis-CFA. EFA analysis was applied to the water quality data sets obtained from Küçük Menderes River in Turkey Water samples were analysed for electrical conductivity, magnesium, total dissolved solids, calcium, sulphate, sodium, chloride and dissolved oxygen. FA results created one factor and this group represented inorganic quality of the water. On the other hand, electricak conductivity had the highest factor load among others. In order to determine whether the structure obtained with EFA was adequately represented, CFA was performed. Effectiveness of different methods comprising various estimation methods: Maximum Likelihood-ML, Robust Maximum Likelihood - RML, Weighted Least Squares -WLS) were examined. Results revealed that Robust Maximum Likelihood estimation method was found to be the best in the analysis based on the condition that the normality assumption can not be achieved, the data is continuous, the sample size is not large enough.

In this work, a range image watermarking approach is proposed. First, the image is segmented using active contours; the watermark is then integrated into the resulting contour coordinates. Three active contour methods are used to segment the range image, the obtained segmentation results allow to define the algorithm offering a good compromise between the good segmentation rate and the contour size which constitutes the watermark integration area. The imperceptibility and robustness tests performed show that the proposed scheme offers a good imperceptibility rate as well as a good structural similarity between the original and watermarked image. The watermark is resistant to several attacks commonly used in image watermarking, however, is vulnerable to compression attacks, which is common in spatial integration techniques.

Introduction : le diabète gestationnel est une affection fréquente au cours de la grossesse, cette pathologie est associée à une morbidité fœtale et néonatale importante, ainsi qu’un cout considérable. La prise en charge du diabète gestationnel reposait classiquement sur les régles hygiéno-diététique et d’insulinothérapie. Les antidiabètiques oraux ont été progressivement introduits dans le panel thérapeutique proposé et reste sujet de débat entre les praticiens. Notre travail vise à réconforter les données de la littérature sur l’usage du glibenclamide dans le traitement du diabète gestationnel. \nMatériels et méthodes : Nous avons réalisé une cohorte prospective intéressant deux groupes de patientes qui présentaient un diabète gestationnel nécessitant un traitement hypoglycémiant, le premier groupe ayant reçu du glybenclamide (41 patientes) et le deuxième de l’insuline (40 patientes). \nRésultats : notre étude a montré que ces deux thérapeutiques donnaient des résultats comparables en termes d’équilibre glycémique et de résultats néonataux sans augmentation des risques de complications fœtales ou périnatales.

Wind energy is increasing in popularity worldwide as a low-cost, carbon-free energy technology. As deployment continues to grow, owners will need to conduct planning for end-of-life strategies for the components that are large in volume, number, and not readily recyclable in the operational form. Since the first modern, utility-scale wind turbines were installed in the 1990s, a large number of wind turbines are reaching their end-of-life (typically 20-25 years) and each year an increasing number of blades are decommissioned. To stimulate an efficient turbine reuse and recycling industry, industry and public funding should be allocated to support: research and testing processing methods, implementing potential applications of the material, and incentivizing successful applications for reuse of the material. Since the blades are the component most exposed to the elements and least easily recycled, this work will focus on their post-operation applications. This work discusses the current literature on wind turbine blade reuse and recycling, proposing suggestions for applications of the materials and policy support.

The purpose of this study was to determine levels of job satisfaction among healthcare professionals in South Africa. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed through email, and by hand, to a sample of pharmacists, nurses, and doctors across the country. The study found that the majority of the doctors, nurses and pharmacists were not satisfied with their jobs. There was also a significant difference between nurses and pharmacists about overall job satisfaction but not between doctors and pharmacists / nurses. It is recommended that working conditions of healthcare professionals in South Africa be improved.

The effect of temperature on plant leaves fluorescence spectra on fourteen plant spacies ware investigated. Red fluorescence shift Δλ for first fluorescence maximum induced by temperature was obtained. Investigated temperature range was 273K - 364K. Direct corelation between change of the red schift Δλ and change of the temperature was ΔΤ observed- greater Δλ greater ΔΤ greater. The red fluorescence shift Δλ was correlated with change of the photosystem apparatus efficiency Δε. It was shown that greater change in Δλ was connected with greater change in Δε. Obtained result sugested that Δε/ΔΤ can be use sa a useful tool to observed plant ability to adapted on tempereture (climate) change.